{"id":1728,"date":"2026-01-23T17:13:09","date_gmt":"2026-01-23T17:13:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/?p=1728"},"modified":"2026-04-14T01:04:43","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T01:04:43","slug":"it-survey","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/?p=1728","title":{"rendered":"Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) of IT Professionals"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><style>\n    .light-font-container, .light-font-container p, .light-font-container h2, .light-font-container li {<br \/>\n        font-weight: #FFFFFF !important;<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n<\/style>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"light-font-container\" style=\"background-color: #2b85d9; padding: 40px; border-radius: 15px;\">\n\n\n<div style=\"height:33px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading is-style-default has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-a9f00c769b769578e4f7a4da4945367f\"> Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) of IT Professionals<strong>  <\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:17px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading is-style-default has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-4bffe87de3f830975faf5926cf02e4a2\"><strong>Tools: Jupiter Notebook | Python: Pandas | NumPy | Matplotlib | Seaborn | SciPy<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:28px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons alignwide is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-a89b3969 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-contrast-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/public.tableau.com\/views\/ITSurvey_17699134844280\/Dashboard?:language=en-US&amp;:sid=&amp;:redirect=auth&amp;:display_count=n&amp;:origin=viz_share_link\" style=\"background-color:#64dd59\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Dashboard<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-x-large-font-size\">Introduction<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:19px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-122966bad053552e2f73f20578802e08\">This Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) project examines compensation, skills, demographics, and work patterns among IT professionals. Using a cleaned, annualized-salary dataset filtered for full-time, USD-denominated responses and with multi-valued fields (e.g., programming languages) normalized, the analysis aims to reveal actionable insights for hiring managers, data practitioners, and professionals planning career moves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-x-large-font-size\">Objectives<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:15px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-47979513ce3876d1dcce836c97e9db26\">Identify the most popular programming languages among IT professionals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-07cbe80a21b78638c6fb4623d7e4841f\">Analyze average salaries and key income statistics (mean, median, percentiles, dispersion).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-99c1d0cfc90b72851f54619bcdb06be7\">Explore age distribution and demographic patterns across the workforce.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-93a48189be1744b43588ba6c0d29da01\">Provide statistical summaries of working hours for part-time and full-time professionals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-71d7ae2f62cb05d5d514d1688e8b8e02\">Examine relationships between income and factors such as working hours, age, education, experience, role, and skills.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-0731674721c2d1b00435565f0a99a2c9\">Determine the most popular databases used by IT professionals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:8px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:16px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-x-large-font-size\">Methodology<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:17px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-37ac19cac008bdcca36f741cc66f8999\">Descriptive statistics: compute counts, mean, median, standard deviation, IQR, and percentiles for numeric variables.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3e5e8b4c185935381dcffe717a049e22\">Frequency analysis: rank programming languages and databases by prevalence; report counts and proportions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e1707e9322b20abaf0c7a94222ae6677\">Distributional analysis: histograms, density plots, and boxplots for salaries, ages, and working hours; stratify by role, employment type, and region.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3a20df14279ce0ada53888eba6ef3e45\">Comparative analysis: group-by and pivot tables to compare median\/mean salaries across categories (language, database, education level, role).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f7f77586728474b3443916dc25beb64c\">Correlation &amp; modeling: correlation matrices and scatterplots to inspect linear relationships; regression or tree-based models to quantify the effect of predictors (hours, age, education, skills) on income, controlling for confounders.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4c8b486c89f269ea8ff10f90fa2dadbc\">Statistical testing: ANOVA or non-parametric equivalents to test salary differences across groups; significance thresholds and effect size reporting.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e38d26d60cf687e313bae759f401e8ae\">Visualization &amp; dashboarding: interactive plots and filters to enable drill-downs (by location, experience, role, language, database).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:13px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-x-large-font-size\">Expected Insights<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e1f03ba82676b2327d13b49d8fd517e7\">Top programming languages and databases used across the industry.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2b67946fa5d1f9835ba035649723bd56\">Typical compensation ranges and which skills, roles, or demographics associate with higher pay.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e9a093cad439f01df547c1865c802f65\">How age and working hours correlate with income and career stage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8825819fe8e205290f04ec5049f95868\">Evidence-based recommendations for skill development, hiring priorities, and compensation benchmarking.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:13px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:9px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><strong> Dataset:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:22px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-f16b21ba58fd194bc2bd90ae7ab77c6e is-style-text-display--1\">Our data set is a survey works among IT professional , collected and published in the link below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;https:\/\/api.example.com\/data&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-28f3d37be6e864009612addc41196cd2 is-style-text-display--2\">It has 11551 records and 84 columns. (11552, 85)<\/p>\n\n\n<p><!-- \/wp:post-content --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:post-content --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"14px\"} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:html --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:html --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"23px\"} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:html --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 23px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-background\" style=\"background-color: #2b86d9a1;\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\">\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:group --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"21px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 21px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><strong>1. Identify the most popular programming languages among IT professionals.<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"6px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 6px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"13px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 13px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">There are unique 28 programming languages , the top most popular ones are:<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:media-text {\"mediaPosition\":\"right\",\"mediaId\":2019,\"mediaLink\":\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/?attachment_id=2019\",\"mediaType\":\"image\",\"mediaWidth\":61,\"isStackedOnMobile\":false} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text has-media-on-the-right\" style=\"grid-template-columns: auto 61%;\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\"><!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">JavaScript<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">HTML\/CSS<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">SQL<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">Bash\/Shell\/PowerShell<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">Python<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"974\" height=\"652\" class=\"wp-image-2019 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-3.00.24-PM-4.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-3.00.24-PM-4.png 974w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-3.00.24-PM-4-300x201.png 300w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-3.00.24-PM-4-768x514.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 974px) 100vw, 974px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:media-text --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"16px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 16px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n<p class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><strong>2. <a href=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/?p=1728\">Analyze earning <strong>among IT professionals.<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"6px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 6px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"25px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 25px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"id\":1906} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"425\" height=\"247\" class=\"wp-image-1906\" src=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-24-at-6.02.18-PM-1.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-24-at-6.02.18-PM-1.png 425w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-24-at-6.02.18-PM-1-300x174.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><strong>count 3,125.00<br \/>mean 152,928.26<br \/>std 207,792.90<br \/>min 38,272.00<br \/>25% 84,000.00<br \/>50% 106,000.00<br \/>75% 140,000.00<br \/>max 1,664,000.00<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><strong>1. Central Tendency (The \u201cMiddle\u201d)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Mean (152,928.26):<\/strong>\u00a0The arithmetic average of all values.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li><strong>50% \/ Median (106,000.00):<\/strong>\u00a0The exact middle value when the data is sorted.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li><strong>Interpretation:<\/strong><em>\u00a0Because the\u00a0<strong>mean is much higher than the median<\/strong>, your data is\u00a0<strong>right-skewed<\/strong>\u00a0(positively skewed)<\/em>. This typically occurs when a few very large values pull the average up, while most data points remain lower.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><strong>2. Spread and Variability<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Std (Standard Deviation: 207,792.90):<\/strong>\u00a0This measures how far, on average, data points are from the mean. A standard deviation larger than the mean itself indicates\u00a0<strong>extremely high variability<\/strong>\u00a0and inconsistency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li><strong>Min (38,272.00) &amp; Max (1,664,000.00):<\/strong>\u00a0These define the total range.\u00a0<em>The massive gap between the max and the 75th percentile (140k vs. 1.66M) confirms the presence of\u00a0<strong>significant outliers<\/strong>\u00a0at the high end.\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><strong>3. Distribution Percentiles (Quartiles)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>25% (84,000.00):<\/strong>\u00a0One-quarter of your data is below this value.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li><strong>75% (140,000.00):<\/strong>\u00a0Three-quarters of your data is below this value, meaning the top 25% of your data starts at 140,000.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li>Interquartile Range (IQR):\u00a0The middle<em>\u00a050% of data falls between\u00a0<strong>84,000 and 140,000<\/strong>.<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"37px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 37px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"4px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 4px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><strong>3. Explore the age distribution among IT professionals.<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"0px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 0px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"10px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 10px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:media-text {\"align\":\"\",\"mediaPosition\":\"right\",\"mediaId\":1992,\"mediaLink\":\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/?attachment_id=1992\",\"mediaType\":\"image\",\"mediaWidth\":45} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns: auto 45%;\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\"><!-- wp:paragraph {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><strong>Summary statistics. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">Mean: 30.77<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">Std (standard deviation): 7.37<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">Min: 16.00<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">25% (first quartile, Q1): 25.00<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">50% (median, Q2): 29.00<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">Max: 72.00<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">75% (third quartile, Q3): 35.00<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"680\" height=\"496\" class=\"wp-image-1992 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-3.41.54-PM.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-3.41.54-PM.png 680w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-3.41.54-PM-300x219.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:media-text --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"35px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 35px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"21px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 21px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><strong>4. Provide statistical information on working hours for part-time and full-time IT professionals.<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"6px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 6px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"35px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 35px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"id\":2026,\"width\":\"1197px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"aspectRatio\":\"5.919519465269623\",\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"173\" class=\"wp-image-2026\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 5.919519465269623; width: 1197px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.27.17-PM-1024x173.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.27.17-PM-1024x173.png 1024w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.27.17-PM-300x51.png 300w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.27.17-PM-768x130.png 768w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.27.17-PM.png 1042w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"0px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 0px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"x-large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-x-large-font-size\"><strong>Reading into dataset: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"5px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 5px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">The Max of 1,012.00 hours is mathematically impossible (there are only 168 hours in a week). This indicates &#8220;noisy&#8221; data or data entry errors in the dataset.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"16px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 16px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">Similar to the full-time data, the Max of 375.00 hours is impossible for a single week, suggesting errors in the source data.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"14px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 14px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">Full-time workers are a much larger group in this data and center strictly around a 40-hour week. Part-time workers have a much broader distribution relative to their average, typically working between 20 and 35 hours.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"26px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 26px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"x-large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-x-large-font-size\"><strong>After applying outlier treatment: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"21px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 21px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"id\":2033,\"width\":\"1160px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"aspectRatio\":\"5.326671601283\",\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1012\" height=\"190\" class=\"wp-image-2033\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 5.326671601283; width: 1160px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.31.42-PM.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.31.42-PM.png 1012w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.31.42-PM-300x56.png 300w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.31.42-PM-768x144.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1012px) 100vw, 1012px\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"id\":2035,\"width\":\"1142px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"aspectRatio\":\"1.803870308603023\",\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"938\" height=\"520\" class=\"wp-image-2035\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1.803870308603023; width: 1142px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.32.48-PM.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.32.48-PM.png 938w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.32.48-PM-300x166.png 300w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.32.48-PM-768x426.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 938px) 100vw, 938px\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"12px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 12px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><strong>5. <strong>Determine the most popular databases among IT professionals.<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"6px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 6px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"13px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 13px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"13px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 13px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">There are 13 unique databases , the top most popular ones are:<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:media-text {\"mediaPosition\":\"right\",\"mediaId\":2059,\"mediaLink\":\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/?attachment_id=2059\",\"mediaType\":\"image\",\"mediaWidth\":61,\"isStackedOnMobile\":false} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text has-media-on-the-right\" style=\"grid-template-columns: auto 61%;\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\"><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>MySQL<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">Microsoft SQL Server<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">PostgreSQL<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">SQLite<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">MongoDB<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"770\" height=\"692\" class=\"wp-image-2059 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.52.35-PM.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.52.35-PM.png 770w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.52.35-PM-300x270.png 300w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screen-Shot-2026-01-26-at-4.52.35-PM-768x690.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:media-text --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"28px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 28px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"8px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 8px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><strong>6. <strong>Examine the relationship between income and various factors such as working hours, age, education, and other variables.<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"6px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 6px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"13px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 13px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><strong> Top 3 Insights From the Pair Plot Below:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"13px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 13px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list {\"ordered\":true,\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Experience Variables Are Strongly Correlated<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>YearsCode, YearsCodePro, and Age move together in clear linear patterns.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li>This confirms that experience\u2011related fields are consistent and reinforce each other.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"19px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 19px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:media-text {\"align\":\"wide\",\"mediaId\":2091,\"mediaLink\":\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/?attachment_id=2091\",\"mediaType\":\"image\",\"mediaWidth\":85} --><\/p>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"609\" height=\"541\" class=\"wp-image-2091 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/heatmap-1.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/heatmap-1.png 609w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/heatmap-1-300x267.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 609px) 100vw, 609px\" \/><\/figure>\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns: 85% auto;\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><\/figure>\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\"><!-- wp:paragraph {\"placeholder\":\"Content\u2026\"} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:media-text --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}}} --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity has-link-color\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"22px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 22px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list {\"ordered\":true,\"start\":2,\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\" start=\"2\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\" start=\"2\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Compensation Shows Only a Weak Positive Trend With Experience<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>CompTotal increases slightly with YearsCodePro, but the scatter is wide.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li>This suggests compensation is influenced by many external factors (role, region, company size), not just experience.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li>Insight: experience alone is not a strong predictor of pay.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"20px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 20px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"id\":2093,\"width\":\"700px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"aspectRatio\":\"1.4580425836464483\",\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"382\" height=\"262\" class=\"wp-image-2093\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1.4580425836464483; width: 700px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/yearsCode.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/yearsCode.png 382w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/yearsCode-300x206.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 382px) 100vw, 382px\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}}} --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity has-link-color\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"id\":2095,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"891\" height=\"480\" class=\"wp-image-2095\" src=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/age.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/age.png 891w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/age-300x162.png 300w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/age-768x414.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 891px) 100vw, 891px\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list {\"ordered\":true,\"start\":3,\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\" start=\"3\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\" start=\"3\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Tool Knowledge Grows Slowly With Experience<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Languages and Databases show mild upward trends with experience.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li>Most respondents know only a few tools, with a small number of outliers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">\n<li>This indicates that tool count is not a strong differentiator across the population.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"28px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 28px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"id\":2096,\"width\":\"700px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"aspectRatio\":\"1.4580425836464483\",\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"382\" height=\"262\" class=\"wp-image-2096\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1.4580425836464483; width: 700px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/databases.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/databases.png 382w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/databases-300x206.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 382px) 100vw, 382px\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"id\":2097,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"894\" height=\"480\" class=\"wp-image-2097\" src=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/languages.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/languages.png 894w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/languages-300x161.png 300w, https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/languages-768x412.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 894px) 100vw, 894px\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"className\":\"is-style-text-display\",\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"is-style-text-display has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\">For Categorical Variables like Ethnicity , Country, Education , Gender and more we can use Chi-Square test to determine if there is a statistically significant association between two categorical variables.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:html --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"28px\"} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:html --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 28px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:html --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"style\":{\"color\":{\"background\":\"#2b86d9a1\"}}} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:group {\"style\":{\"elements\":{\"link\":{\"color\":{\"text\":\"var:preset|color|contrast\"}}}},\"textColor\":\"contrast\",\"fontSize\":\"large\",\"layout\":{\"type\":\"constrained\"}} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size\"><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:spacer {\"height\":\"0px\"} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 0px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:spacer --><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) of IT Professionals Tools: Jupiter Notebook | Python: Pandas | NumPy | Matplotlib | Seaborn | SciPy Introduction This Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) project examines compensation, skills, demographics, and work patterns among IT professionals. Using a cleaned, annualized-salary dataset filtered for full-time, USD-denominated responses and with multi-valued fields (e.g., programming languages) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1728","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) of IT Professionals - Rana Nasri Ghazzi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Explore Rana Ghazzi&#039;s data analytics portfolio \u2014 dashboards, visualizations, and insights built with Tableau, Power BI &amp; Python.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ranaghazzi.com\/?p=1728\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) of IT Professionals - 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